Skip to content
GyanStudio
JEE foundation learners · 8 min

Newton’s second law

Connect the net force on an object to its mass and acceleration, and reason about units.

Learning objective

Use the relationship between net force, mass and acceleration in a one-dimensional example.

01

The relationship

For constant mass, the net force on an object equals its mass multiplied by its acceleration: F = ma. Acceleration points in the direction of the net force.

Example

A 2 kg object accelerating at 3 m/s² has a net force of 2 × 3 = 6 N.

02

Use net force

Add forces with their directions before applying F = ma. Opposing forces can reduce the net force.

Example

A 10 N push right and 4 N force left give a net force of 6 N right.

03

Check the units

Mass in kilograms multiplied by acceleration in metres per second squared gives force in newtons.

Example

1 N = 1 kg·m/s²

Knowledge check

Try it yourself

A net force of 12 N acts on a 3 kg object. What is its acceleration?
Your answer stays on this device.
About this lesson

Source: Original GyanStudio learning material. Editorial review pending. Last updated 5 November 2026.

This learning preview is not an official exam notice or a substitute for checking the relevant authority’s current information.